Introduction
Data is a collection of facts such as numbers, descriptions, and observations used to record information.
Structured data - tabular schema
Semi-structured data - JSON
Unstructured data - documents, images, audio and video, and binary files.
Relational Databases a.k.a. SQL Databases
designed in the 1970s
a table-based relation data structure that defines and manipulated data using pre-defined schemas to determine its structure.
used to store and query structured data.
follows ACID property which makes it capable of performing different tasks as a single logical operation.
Examples - MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, MariaDB, Oracle
not suitable for frequently changing data
not flexible due to its rigid pre-determined structure
difficult to scale as the data increases so the app size increases as well
are horizontally scalable making them more expensive than non-relational databases
Non-Relational Databases a.k.a. NoSQL Databases
Key-Value databases
Example - Redis
Document databases
Examples - MongoDB, Couchbase
Column Family databases
Graph databases
Example - Neo4j
can handle the storage of structured and semi-structured data due to its non-tabular form.
are horizontally scalable making them cheaper than relational databases.
can make multiple databases with different structures and syntax.
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